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Antipater of Tarsus
Antipater ((ギリシア語:Ἀντίπατρος); died 130/129 BC〔Tiziano Dorandi, ''Chapter 2: Chronology'', in Algra et al. (1999) ''The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy'', page 51. Cambridge.〕) of Tarsus was a Stoic philosopher. He was the pupil and successor of Diogenes of Babylon as leader of the Stoic school, and was the teacher of Panaetius. He wrote works on the gods and on divination, and in ethics he took a higher moral ground than that of his teacher Diogenes.
==Life==
Very little is known about his life, except that he was the disciple and successor of Diogenes of Babylon as leader of the Stoic school in Athens, and he was the teacher of Panaetius.〔Cicero, ''de Divinatione'', i. 3, ''de Officiis'', iii. 12.〕 The few extant accounts of his philosophical opinions would not be sufficient grounds for any great reputation, if it were not for the testimony of ancient authors to his merit. Plutarch speaks of him with Zeno, Cleanthes, and Chrysippus, as one of the principal Stoic philosophers,〔Plutarch, ''de Stoic. Repugnant''.〕 and Cicero mentions him as remarkable for acuteness.〔Cicero, ''de Officiis'', iii. 12.〕 He seems to have taken the lead during his lifetime in the disputes constantly recurring between his own school and the Academy, although he is said to have felt himself so unequal in argument to his contemporary Carneades in public debates, that he confined himself to writing; by which he was called "Pen-noise" ((ギリシア語:καλαμοβόας)).〔Plutarch, ''Moralia: On Talkativeness''; Eusebius, ''Praeparatio Evangelica'', xiv. 8.〕
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